A comparative study to determine clinical and spirometric profile among patients of asthma in different body mass index groups

Shreenivasa A, Chaudhary A, Wagganavar PB, Mahmood T, Shukla AD, Acharya KV

Pdf Page Numbers :- 198-203

Shreenivasa A^1,*, Abhinav Chaudhary², Pooja B Wagganavar³, Tariq Mahmood⁴, Shukla AD⁴ and Vishak Acharya K⁵

¹Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences Karwar, Karnataka 581301, India

²Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Apollomedics Superspeciality Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226012, India

³Department of Ophthalmology, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences Karwar, Karnataka 581301, India

⁴Department of Pulmonary Medicine, M.L.N Medical College, Allahabad, Uttarpradesh 211002, India

⁵Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 575001, India

*Corresponding author: Dr. Shreenivasa A, Assistant Professor, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences Karwar, Karnataka 581301, India. Email: drshreenivasa240@gmail.com

Received 3 March 2023; Revised 9 June 2023; Accepted 16 June 2023; Published 23 June 2023

Citation: Shreenivasa A, Chaudhary A, Wagganavar PB, Mahmood T, Shukla AD, Acharya KV. A comparative study to determine clinical and spirometric profile among patients of asthma in different body mass index groups. J Med Sci Res. 2023; 11(3):198-203. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/JMSR.2023/11-37

Copyright: © 2023 Shreenivasa A et al. Published by KIMS Foundation and Research Center. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Abstract

Background: Overweight and obesity is the most common co-morbidity and disease modifier of asthma; it has been associated with increased risk of asthma exacerbations, worse respiratory symptoms and poor asthma control. The objective of study was to determine the relation of body mass index (BMI) with the level of asthma control and to study the clinical presentation and spirometric profile of asthma patients from different BMI groups.

Materials and methods: The descriptive prospective study done among confirmed asthmatic patients who were attending the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, outpatient department (OPD) and inpatient department (IPD). The study was demographic, clinical and spirometric parameters in asthmatic patients who were on optimal pharmacotherapy among different BMI categories.

Results: Total 144 diagnosed asthma patients were included; the overall mean age of the study group was 34.27 ± 11.7 years and the majority of patients 50 (34.72%) were between 18-27 years of age group. Moderate asthma (FEV1 60-79) was observed to be the most common in all BMI groups. The severe asthma (FEV1 <60) was observed with BMI > 30kg/m2 in asthma patients (p=0.27).

Conclusions: The poor control of asthma was significantly frequent in the overweight and obese BMI group, regardless of the findings of no differences in spirometry. Our results suggest that obese individuals with asthma show a higher incidence of one-year follow-up hospitalization due to exacerbation symptoms than non-obese individuals.

Keywords: Obesity; asthma; spirometry; hospitalization; body mass index