Evaluation of epidemiological features and immunohistochemical profile of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a tertiary referral hospital

Adil SAK, Sathya M, Vani D, Nisarga MD

Pdf Page Numbers :- 12-19

Adil SAK¹, Sathya M¹, Vani D^1,* and Nisarga MD¹

¹Department of Pathology, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570001, India

*Corresponding author: Dr. Vani D, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570001, India. Email: vani.dayanand2010@gmail.com

Received 31 October 2024; Revised 10 December 2024; Accepted 18 December 2024; Published 27 December 2024

Citation: Adil SAK, Sathya M, Vani D, Nisarga MD. Evaluation of epidemiological features and immunohistochemical profile of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a tertiary referral hospital. J Med Sci Res. 2025; 13(1):12-19. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/JMSR.2024/13-3

Copyright: © 2025 Adil SAK et al. Published by KIMS Foundation and Research Center. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Abstract

Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represents a diverse group of malignancies of lymphoid tissue due to clonal proliferation of lymphoid cells. India has a notable distribution of NHL, but its characterization and description are still insufficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological features and immunohistochemical profile of NHL in patients attending a tertiary referral hospital.

Material and methods: This study is a descriptive analysis of cases patients diagnosed with NHL referred to the Department of Oncology at a tertiary referral hospital in South India. The case records were retrospectively reviewed to explore both the epidemiological and immunohistochemical aspects of NHL cases. The collected data was organized and presented in frequency distribution tables. The categorical and counting variables were expressed using frequencies and percentages.

Results: The study analysed a total of 71 cases of lymphoma diagnosed and treated during the specified period. Among the 71 cases of lymphoma 59 (83%) were non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and 12 (17%) were Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The most common age group was 41 to 60 years. There was a notable male predominance in the distribution of NHL with male-to-female ratio 1.7:1. There was higher prevalence of lymphoma cases among individuals from rural areas 41 (69.5%) as compared to those from urban centres 18(30.5%). Most frequently involved site was lymph nodes 48 (81.4%) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most prevalent subtype of NHL.

Conclusion: Non-Hodgkin lymphomas demonstrate a higher prevalence among rural populations. In resource-limited settings Immunohistochemistry markers stand out as valuable tools for guiding further ancillary techniques.

Keywords: non-Hodgkin lymphoma; epidemiology; immunohistochemistry